如何修复未格式化的坏块？
本站文章除注明转载外，均为本站原创： 转载自love wife love life —Roger的Oracle/MySQL/PostgreSQL数据恢复博客
本文链接地址: 如何修复未格式化的坏块？
最近需要迁移的3套rac数据中，检查发现都出现了坏块，而且部分坏块是未格式化的坏块，例如：
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 |
*** SESSION ID:(1439.509) 2012-11-06 11:15:42.559 Start dump data blocks tsn: 7 file#: 34 minblk 3819968 maxblk 3819968 buffer tsn: 7 rdba: 0x24cc49c0 (147/805312) scn: 0x001a.0e76f311 seq: 0x01 flg: 0x04 tail: 0xf3110601 frmt: 0x02 chkval: 0xf5c7 type: 0x06=trans data Hex dump of corrupt header 4 = CORRUPT Dump of memory from 0x000000011044D000 to 0x000000011044D014 11044D000 06A20000 24CC49C0 0E76F311 001A0104 [....$.I..v......] 11044D010 F5C70000 [....] Hex dump of corrupt block Dump of memory from 0x000000011044D014 to 0x000000011044EFFC 11044D010 01000000 0000D71A 0E76F311 [.........v..] 11044D020 001A2484 00023200 24CC4492 0014000D [..$...2.$.D.....] 11044D030 013EBCB7 015D1FF9 9BB43300 8000001A [.>...]....3.....] ......省略部分内容 11044EFD0 3D02C102 2C000306 C519232C 591706C5 [=...,.....#,Y...] 11044EFE0 18285F04 3102C102 2C000306 C519232C [.(_.1...,.....#,] 11044EFF0 591606C5 18285F04 3002C102 [Y....(_.0...] End dump data blocks tsn: 7 file#: 34 minblk 3819968 maxblk 3819968 |
可以看到该坏块数据是写紊乱了，将file 147 block 805315的数据写入到file 34 block 3819968 中了。
通过如下sql查询可以发现属于未格式化的坏块，不属于任何对象：
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 |
select segment_name, segment_type, owner from dba_extents where file_id = < Absolute file number > and < corrupted block number > between block_id and block_id + blocks - 1; select * from dba_free_space where file_id = < Absolute file number > and < corrupted block number > between block_id and block_id + blocks - 1; |
虽然未格式化的坏块可能不会存在什么危险，在后面有业务数据插入时会进行将其格式化掉，但是由于坏块的存在，
导致rman备份无法成功，进而也就影响到我们这次的迁移测试了。
我这里利用vmware环境来模拟该问题，并给出解决方案，供大家参考！
—-方法1 利用alter table xxx allocate extent
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 |
SQL> l 1* select file#,name,bytes/1024/1024 from v$datafile order by 1 SQL> / FILE# NAME BYTES/1024/1024 ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ --------------- 1 /home/ora10g/oradata/roger/system01.dbf 770 2 /home/ora10g/oradata/roger/undotbs01.dbf 640 3 /home/ora10g/oradata/roger/sysaux01.dbf 320 4 /home/ora10g/oradata/roger/users01.dbf 298.75 5 /home/ora10g/oradata/roger/roger01.dbf 100 6 /home/ora10g/oradata/roger/undotb2_01.dbf 1 7 /home/ora10g/oradata/roger/test1.dbf 10 8 /home/ora10g/oradata/roger/sqlt_01.dbf 80 9 /home/ora10g/oradata/roger/undotbs03.dbf 500 9 rows selected. SQL> select file_id,BLOCK_ID,BLOCKS from dba_free_space where file_id=5; FILE_ID BLOCK_ID BLOCKS ---------- ---------- ---------- 5 1009 24 5 2185 10616 SQL> select * from (select OWNER,SEGMENT_NAME,FILE_ID,EXTENT_ID,BLOCK_ID,BLOCKS from dba_extents where 2 file_id=5 order by 4 desc) where rownum < 5; OWNER SEGMENT_NAME FILE_ID EXTENT_ID BLOCK_ID BLOCKS ----------- ----------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- GGS GGS_DDL_HIST 5 23 2057 128 GGS GGS_DDL_HIST 5 22 1929 128 GGS GGS_DDL_HIST 5 21 1801 128 GGS GGS_DDL_HIST 5 20 1673 128 SQL> |
从上面信息可以看出，目前datafile 5中所分配的最大block号为2057+128-1=2184，换句话说以后的block都是空块。
我这里利用bbed来制造一个未格式化的坏块，也就是尚未利用的坏块(可能是已经分配但没有数据).
这里利用bbed随便修改一下，制造一个坏块如下：
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 |
[ora10g@killdb ~]$ dbv file=/home/ora10g/oradata/roger/roger01.dbf blocksize=8192 start=2000 end=2500 DBVERIFY: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Wed Nov 7 04:18:43 2012 Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = /home/ora10g/oradata/roger/roger01.dbf Page 2200 is marked corrupt Corrupt block relative dba: 0x01400898 (file 5, block 2200) Bad header found during dbv: Data in bad block: type: 58 format: 2 rdba: 0x01400bb8 last change scn: 0x0000.004d307d seq: 0x0 flg: 0x00 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0 consistency value in tail: 0x307d3a01 check value in block header: 0x968f block checksum disabled DBVERIFY - Verification complete Total Pages Examined : 501 Total Pages Processed (Data) : 121 Total Pages Failing (Data) : 0 Total Pages Processed (Index): 0 Total Pages Failing (Index): 0 Total Pages Processed (Other): 379 Total Pages Processed (Seg) : 0 Total Pages Failing (Seg) : 0 Total Pages Empty : 0 Total Pages Marked Corrupt : 1 Total Pages Influx : 0 Highest block SCN : 5374889 (0.5374889) |
下面我们来想办法格式化这个未格式化的坏块：
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 |
SQL> conn roger/roger Connected. SQL> create table test_block as select * from dba_objects where 1=2; Table created. SQL> select sum(bytes/1024/1024) from dba_free_space where file_id=5; SUM(BYTES/1024/1024) -------------------- 83.125 SQL> select blocks from v$datafile where file#=5; BLOCKS ---------- 12800 SQL> select (12800-2200)*8192/1024/1024 from dual; (12800-2200)*8192/1024/1024 --------------------------- 82.8125 SQL> alter table test_block move tablespace roger; Table altered. SQL> alter table test_block allocate extent(datafile '/home/ora10g/oradata/roger/roger01.dbf' size 10m); Table altered. SQL> alter table test_block nologging; Table altered. SQL> insert into test_block select * from dba_objects; 51079 rows created. SQL> / 51079 rows created. SQL> / 51079 rows created. SQL> / 51079 rows created. SQL> / 51079 rows created. SQL> commit; Commit complete. SQL> SQL> alter system checkpoint; System altered. SQL> alter system switch logfile; System altered. SQL> / System altered. SQL> SQL> l 1 select owner,SEGMENT_NAME,EXTENT_ID,BLOCK_ID,BLOCKS 2* from dba_extents where SEGMENT_NAME='TEST_BLOCK' order by 3 SQL> / OWNER SEGMENT_NAME EXTENT_ID BLOCK_ID BLOCKS -------------- --------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ROGER TEST_BLOCK 0 1009 8 ROGER TEST_BLOCK 1 2185 128 ROGER TEST_BLOCK 2 2313 128 ROGER TEST_BLOCK 3 2441 128 ROGER TEST_BLOCK 4 2569 128 ROGER TEST_BLOCK 5 2697 128 ROGER TEST_BLOCK 6 2825 128 ROGER TEST_BLOCK 7 2953 128 ROGER TEST_BLOCK 8 3081 128 ROGER TEST_BLOCK 9 3209 128 ROGER TEST_BLOCK 10 3337 128 ROGER TEST_BLOCK 11 3465 128 ROGER TEST_BLOCK 12 3593 128 ROGER TEST_BLOCK 13 3721 128 ROGER TEST_BLOCK 14 3849 128 ROGER TEST_BLOCK 15 3977 128 ROGER TEST_BLOCK 16 4105 128 ROGER TEST_BLOCK 17 4233 128 ROGER TEST_BLOCK 18 4361 128 ROGER TEST_BLOCK 19 4489 128 ROGER TEST_BLOCK 20 4617 128 ROGER TEST_BLOCK 21 4745 128 ROGER TEST_BLOCK 22 4873 128 ROGER TEST_BLOCK 23 5001 128 ROGER TEST_BLOCK 24 5129 128 ROGER TEST_BLOCK 25 5257 128 ROGER TEST_BLOCK 26 5385 128 ROGER TEST_BLOCK 27 5513 128 ROGER TEST_BLOCK 28 5641 128 29 rows selected. |
可以看到2200这个坏块已经包含在extent里面了，此时，我们来dbv检查一下。
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 |
SQL> ! [ora10g@killdb ~]$ dbv file=/home/ora10g/oradata/roger/roger01.dbf blocksize=8192 start=2000 end=2500 DBVERIFY: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Wed Nov 7 04:30:00 2012 Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = /home/ora10g/oradata/roger/roger01.dbf DBVERIFY - Verification complete Total Pages Examined : 501 Total Pages Processed (Data) : 431 Total Pages Failing (Data) : 0 Total Pages Processed (Index): 0 Total Pages Failing (Index): 0 Total Pages Processed (Other): 70 Total Pages Processed (Seg) : 0 Total Pages Failing (Seg) : 0 Total Pages Empty : 0 Total Pages Marked Corrupt : 0 Total Pages Influx : 0 Highest block SCN : 5519642 (0.5519642) 我们可以看到，该未格式化的坏块已经被修复了，最后我们再将创建的临时表删除即可。 [ora10g@killdb ~]$ exit exit SQL> drop table test_block purge; Table dropped. SQL> |
—-方法2 利用dd+bbed修复
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 |
先制造一个未格式化的坏块： BBED> set file 5 block 2500 FILE# 5 BLOCK# 2500 BBED> modify /x 100 offset 14 Warning: contents of previous BIFILE will be lost. Proceed? (Y/N) y File: /home/ora10g/oradata/roger/roger01.dbf (5) Block: 2500 Offsets: 14 to 33 Dba:0x014009c4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 0100a0e4 00000100 000011e5 00001639 54000000 <32 bytes per line> BBED> sum apply Check value for File 5, Block 2500: current = 0xe4a0, required = 0xe4a0 BBED> verify DBVERIFY - Verification starting FILE = /home/ora10g/oradata/roger/roger01.dbf BLOCK = 2500 Block 2500 is corrupt Corrupt block relative dba: 0x014009c4 (file 0, block 2500) Fractured block found during verification Data in bad block: type: 6 format: 2 rdba: 0x014009c4 last change scn: 0x0000.00543916 seq: 0x1 flg: 0x00 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0 consistency value in tail: 0x39160604 check value in block header: 0xe4a0 block checksum disabled DBVERIFY - Verification complete Total Blocks Examined : 1 Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 0 Total Blocks Failing (Data) : 0 Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0 Total Blocks Failing (Index): 0 Total Blocks Empty : 0 Total Blocks Marked Corrupt : 1 Total Blocks Influx : 2 [ora10g@killdb ~]$ dbv file=/home/ora10g/oradata/roger/roger01.dbf start=2000 end=3000 DBVERIFY: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Wed Nov 7 04:49:28 2012 Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = /home/ora10g/oradata/roger/roger01.dbf Page 2500 is influx - most likely media corrupt Corrupt block relative dba: 0x014009c4 (file 5, block 2500) Fractured block found during dbv: Data in bad block: type: 6 format: 2 rdba: 0x014009c4 last change scn: 0x0000.00543916 seq: 0x1 flg: 0x00 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0 consistency value in tail: 0x39160604 check value in block header: 0xe4a0 block checksum disabled DBVERIFY - Verification complete Total Pages Examined : 1001 Total Pages Processed (Data) : 922 Total Pages Failing (Data) : 0 Total Pages Processed (Index): 0 Total Pages Failing (Index): 0 Total Pages Processed (Other): 78 Total Pages Processed (Seg) : 0 Total Pages Failing (Seg) : 0 Total Pages Empty : 0 Total Pages Marked Corrupt : 1 Total Pages Influx : 1 Highest block SCN : 5519647 (0.5519647) |
下面我们使用dd来复制一个正常的未格式化block，将该坏块替换掉。
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 |
[ora10g@killdb ~]$ dd if=/home/ora10g/oradata/roger/roger01.dbf of=/tmp/dd_block skip=2502 bs=8192 count=1 1+0 records in 1+0 records out [ora10g@killdb ~]$ [ora10g@killdb ~]$ dd if=/tmp/dd_block of=/home/ora10g/oradata/roger/roger01.dbf seek=2500 bs=8192 count=1 conv=notrunc 1+0 records in 1+0 records out [ora10g@killdb ~]$ |
很显然，我们copy一个block过来替换以后，还不行，还得进行修改，此时你dbv检查可以看到仍然是坏块，如下：
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 |
[ora10g@killdb ~]$ dbv file=/home/ora10g/oradata/roger/roger01.dbf start=2000 end=3000 DBVERIFY: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Wed Nov 7 04:51:34 2012 Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = /home/ora10g/oradata/roger/roger01.dbf Page 2500 is marked corrupt Corrupt block relative dba: 0x014009c4 (file 5, block 2500) Bad header found during dbv: Data in bad block: type: 6 format: 2 rdba: 0x014009c6 last change scn: 0x0000.00543916 seq: 0x4 flg: 0x04 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0 consistency value in tail: 0x39160604 check value in block header: 0xfe93 computed block checksum: 0x0 DBVERIFY - Verification complete Total Pages Examined : 1001 Total Pages Processed (Data) : 922 Total Pages Failing (Data) : 0 Total Pages Processed (Index): 0 Total Pages Failing (Index): 0 Total Pages Processed (Other): 78 Total Pages Processed (Seg) : 0 Total Pages Failing (Seg) : 0 Total Pages Empty : 0 Total Pages Marked Corrupt : 1 Total Pages Influx : 0 Highest block SCN : 5519647 (0.5519647) |
下面我们利用bbed再进行适当修改即可，如下：
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 |
BBED> set file 5 block 2501 FILE# 5 BLOCK# 2501 BBED> d /v count 20 File: /home/ora10g/oradata/roger/roger01.dbf (5) Block: 2501 Offsets: 0 to 19 Dba:0x014009c5 ------------------------------------------------------- 06a20000 c5094001 16395400 00000404 l ..@..9T..... d52b0000 l .. <16 bytes per line> BBED> set file 5 block 2500 FILE# 5 BLOCK# 2500 BBED> modify /x c4 offset 4 File: /home/ora10g/oradata/roger/roger01.dbf (5) Block: 2500 Offsets: 4 to 33 Dba:0x014009c4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ c4094001 16395400 00000404 93fe0000 01000000 11e50000 16395400 0000 <32 bytes per line> BBED> sum apply Check value for File 5, Block 2500: current = 0xfe91, required = 0xfe91 BBED> verify DBVERIFY - Verification starting FILE = /home/ora10g/oradata/roger/roger01.dbf BLOCK = 2500 DBVERIFY - Verification complete Total Blocks Examined : 1 Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 1 Total Blocks Failing (Data) : 0 Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0 Total Blocks Failing (Index): 0 Total Blocks Empty : 0 Total Blocks Marked Corrupt : 0 Total Blocks Influx : 0 [ora10g@killdb ~]$ dbv file=/home/ora10g/oradata/roger/roger01.dbf start=2000 end=3000 DBVERIFY: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Wed Nov 7 05:13:29 2012 Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = /home/ora10g/oradata/roger/roger01.dbf DBVERIFY - Verification complete Total Pages Examined : 1001 Total Pages Processed (Data) : 923 Total Pages Failing (Data) : 0 Total Pages Processed (Index): 0 Total Pages Failing (Index): 0 Total Pages Processed (Other): 78 Total Pages Processed (Seg) : 0 Total Pages Failing (Seg) : 0 Total Pages Empty : 0 Total Pages Marked Corrupt : 0 Total Pages Influx : 0 Highest block SCN : 5519647 (0.5519647) |
我们可以看到成功修复了该坏块。
One Response to “如何修复未格式化的坏块？”
大牛就是牛
Leave a Reply
You must be logged in to post a comment.